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  1. Agricultural IPM
  2. Field Crops
  3. Cotton
  4. Insects
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Insects
Section Shortcuts
Whiteflies
Lygus
Whitefly Predator Threshold

 

Whiteflies
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Whiteflies are a primary pest of cotton, a pest that has known resistances to commonly used compounds. It is critical that those managing cotton know how to properly sample whitefly adults and large nymphs within their fields. First and foremost, proper sampling is key when making spray decisions. When it is necessary to treat for whiteflies, the fundamentals of chemistry selection and the importance of chemistry rotation need to be remembered, specifically in cross-commodity areas. Through accurate sampling, thoughtful treatment decisions, and by following the first principles of resistance management, resistances in whiteflies can be managed.
Whitefly Image Gallery
Whitefly Publications

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Lygus
An economically import pest of cotton is Lygus. Implementing an integrated management plan for Lygus is important for field managers to successfully control this pest. This includes proper sampling, limiting insecticide usage, timing applications correctly, choosing the right compound, and ideally, avoiding having to treat for Lygus at all by implementing Lygus action thresholds.
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Lygus Image Gallery
Lygus Publications

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Whitefly Predator Threshold
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To successfully manage whiteflies in cotton it is important to work with the natural enemies present in the environment. Six key predators have been identified as being significant players in the control of whiteflies: Drapetis, Collops, crab spiders, big-eyed bugs, minute pirate bugs, and lacewing larvae. Research has identified critical levels of predators that impact economic spray decisions for whiteflies. Understanding levels of these key predators in the field can aid field managers in making more confident whitefly spray decisions.

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Cotton Insect Publications
  • Dec 2018
    Promoting the Use of Predators
    Publication (PDF, 5.7MB)
    Authors: Peter C. Ellsworth, Naomi Pier, Alfred J. Fournier, Steven E. Naranjo, Timothy Vandervoet
    New research has identified critical levels of predators that impact economic spray decisions for whiteflies. By working with the beneficials found naturally within a field, reliance on chemical controls could effectively be reduced.
  • Jul 2018
    Interactions Between Insects & Weeds in Desert Crops - July 2018
    Publication (PDF, 356KB)
    Authors: John C. Palumbo
    There is a positive correlation between weeds and insects. This article describes the relationship between weed management and insects. It details how weeds can be a refuge for beneficial insects and how they can also act as a reservoir for insect pests. The impact that weeds have on insecticide application is also discussed.
  • Jul 2013
    Stink bugs in cotton, alfalfa, and other Arizona crops
    Publication (PDF, 510KB)
    Authors: Peter Ellsworth and Lydia Brown
    In Arizona, we have many species of stink bugs; the species pictured above are encountered in cotton, alfalfa, and other crops. Some are occasional or potential pests of cotton. In the article the Brown Stink Bug (BSB), Eushistus servus, is discussed which has been a pest of cotton, especially in the past few years.
  • Jan 2013
    Seedcorn Maggot 2013
    Publication (PDF, 230KB)
    Authors: John C. Palumbo
    Contains a description of the seedcorn maggot. This document also goes into the damages that are caused by this pest, and then covers some suggestions relating to management.
  • Jul 2012
    Everyone’s a Winner with Selectivity
    Publication (PDF, 1.0MB)
    Authors: Peter C. Ellsworth, Lydia Brown (University of Arizona) & Steven Naranjo (USDA-ARS)
    Using selective chemistries is safer for the user and environment. This includes the beneficial predators found within fields that are important for controlling pests such as whiteflies and Lygus bugs. Selective chemistries are an important component of Arizona’s insect cotton IPM program. Current research is being conducted on the newest chemistries to determine their selectivity towards non-target organisms, such as beneficials.
  • May 2003
    Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Arizona
    Publication (PDF, 175KB)
    Authors: John C. Palumbo, Peter C. Ellsworth, Timothy J. Dennehy, Robert L. Nichols
    This document outlines some of the guidlines for Neonicotinoids, which were relatively new at the time. The plans within the document aim to help keep Neonicotinoids as a cost efficient and effective form of whitefly management for the future.
  • Aug 1998
    Beet Armyworm
    Publication (PDF, 74KB)
    Authors: Tim C. Knowles
    Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) caterpillars are smooth skinned with few or no hairs on the body, may be olive green to almost black in color down the middle of the back, and have a yellow stripe on each side of the body. This publication details the Beet Armyworm. It's description, biology, damages it causes, and methods of controlling it are discussed.

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ARIZONA PEST MANAGEMENT CENTER
University of Arizona
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Maricopa Agricultural Center

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