This study was conducted at the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. The soil was a silty clay loam (7-56-37 sand-silt-clay, pH 7.2, O.M. 0.7%). Spinach ‘Revere’ was seeded, then sprinkler-irrigated to germinate seed Jan 2nd, 2021 on beds with 84 in. between bed centers and containing 30 lines of seed per bed. All irrigation water was supplied by sprinkler irrigation. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Replicate plots consisted of 15 ft lengths of bed separated by 3 ft lengths of nontreated bed. Treatments were applied with a CO2 backpack sprayer that delivered 50 gal/acre at 40 psi to flat-fan nozzles.
Month |
Max |
Min |
Avg |
Rain |
January |
70 |
42 |
56 |
1.31 |
February |
75 |
44 |
60 |
0.00 |
March |
77 |
46 |
63 |
0.00 |
Month Max Min Avg Rain January 70 42 56 1.31 February 75 44 60 0.00 March 77 46 63 0.00 Downy mildew (caused by Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae) was first observed in plots on Feb 15 and final reading was taken on March 20, 2020. Spray treatment were applied on January 01, January 15, and February 23 of 2021(see table). Disease severity was recorded by determining the percentage of infected leaves present within three 1-ft2 areas within each of the four replicate plots per treatment. The number of spinach leaves in a 1-ft2 area of bed was approximately 144. The data (found in the accompanying Excel file) illustrate the degree of disease reduction obtained by applications of the various tested fungicides. Two Orondis Ultra and Zampro provided the most effective control against the disease. No phytotoxicity was observed in any of the treatments in this trial.