Vegetables - Cole Crops

Cole Crops

Management

Crop Management

Pests

Cole Crop Publications

Jun 2020

Ten Years of Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops

Publication (PDF, 618Kb)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug, Bagrada hilaris, became a major pest of cole crops in the fall of 2010 where widespread out breaks of the invasive stinkbug pest were reported throughout the desert SW. The resulting yield losses in broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and other Brassica crops were economically significant.
Sep 2019

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2019

Publication (PDF, 467KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Sep 2019

Diamondback Moth on Desert Cole Crops: Survey Results from 2016-2018

Publication (PDF, 597KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

In 2016 there was a outbreak of Diamondback Moths. This article covers a bit of the history of that outbreak and how the were handled in the next two years. The event was partially documented by some surveys found in this article.
May 2019

Nine Years of Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops

Publication (PDF, 531KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug, became a major pest of cole crops in the fall of 2010. The following contains the summaries surveys performed on an annual basis since 2010, aiming to estimate the severity of bagrada bug on direct-seeded and transplanted cole crops, and the intensity of chemical management required to control it.
Apr 2019

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies 2019

Publication (PDF, 830KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
Mar 2019

Foxglove Aphids on Desert Produce 2019

Publication (PDF, 371KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the Lettuce Aphid. It covers it's physical description, economic damage, insecticidal control, and methods for identifying this insect.
Oct 2018

Diamondback Moth Management in Desert Cole Crops, Spring 2019

Publication (PDF, 572KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

List of Guidelines prepared in response to the diamondback moth (DBM) outbreaks that occurred in 2016-17 in Arizona. Following these guidelines can help keep the moths from spreading. There is also a list of insecticides and their respective efficacy against DBM.
Sep 2018

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2018

Publication (PDF, 372KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Sep 2018

Vegetable Planting Calendar for Maricopa County

Publication (PDF, 634KB)

Authors: Kai Umeda

In the low desert regions of the southwest, including Maricopa County, most any type of vegetables and fruits can be grown successfully when appropriate varieties are selected and planted at the right time. The climate, the season, and potential pests all impact the selection of what to plant when.
Aug 2018

Diamondback Moth on Desert Cole Crops in 2017

Publication (PDF, 410KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

In 2016 there was a outbreak of Diamondback Moths. This article covers a bit of the history of that outbreak and how the were handled in the subsequent year. The event was partially documented by some surveys found in this article.
May 2018

Impact of Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops: An Eight Year Summary

Publication (PDF, 327KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops since 2010. This report consists of information gathered through surveys over eight years and shows what some of the trends are regarding the bagrada bug over that time period.
Apr 2018

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies 2018

Publication (PDF, 830KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article descibes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
Feb 2018

Foxglove Aphids on Desert Produce 2018

Publication (PDF, 360KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the Lettuce Aphid. It covers it's physical description, economic damage, insecticidal control, and methods for identifying this insect.
Sep 2017

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2017

Publication (PDF, 370KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Sep 2017

Guidelines for Diamondback Moth Management in Fall Cole Crops

Publication (PDF, 295KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article gives some recommendations on managing Diamondback moths in fall cole crops. These guidelines were prepared in response to the diamondback moth (DBM) outbreaks that occurred in Arizona in 2016-17.
Jun 2017

Impact of Diamondback Moth Outbreaks on Arizona Cole Crops in 2016‐17

Publication (PDF, 283KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The diamondback moth is one of the most important pests of cole crops worldwide and annually causes $3-5 billion dollars in economic loses due to direct yield losses and control costs. 2016 Arizona had an outbreak. This article contains the results of surveys that tried to assess how much damage was done.
Jun 2017

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies 2017

Publication (PDF, 472KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article descibes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
May 2017

Impact of Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops: Seven Years After the Outbreak

Publication (PDF, 332KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops since 2010. This report consists of information gathered through surveys over seven years and shows what some of the trends are regarding the bagrada bug over that time period.
Mar 2017

Liriomyza Leafminer Management on Desert Melons

Publication (PDF, 371KB)

Vegetable Leafminer, and American Serpentine Leafminer pests are often mistaken for one another. They attack a wide range of over 50 host crops. This article describes their economic damage, their development, and ways to help manage their population. Pictures are also added to aid in identification.
Jan 2017

Foxglove Aphids on Desert Produce 2017

Publication (PDF, 536KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the Lettuce Aphid. It covers it's physical description, economic damage, insecticidal control, and methods for identifying this insect.
Sep 2016

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies September 2016

Publication (PDF, 599KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article descibes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
Aug 2016

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2016

Publication (PDF, 368KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Jun 2016

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies June 2016

Publication (PDF, 501KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article descibes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
May 2016

Impact of Bagrada Bug Infestations on Desert Cole Crops, 2010-2015

Publication (PDF, 282KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops since 2010. This report consists of information gathered through surveys over five years and shows what some of the trends are regarding the bagrada bug over that time period.
Apr 2016

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies April 2016

Publication (PDF, 479KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article descibes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
Sep 2015

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2015

Publication (PDF, 364KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Jul 2015

Evaluation of Clothianidin Seed Treatments for Bagrada Bug Control in Broccoli

Publication (PDF, 304KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

With the outbreak of the Bagrada bug, it was estimated that they infested more than 80% of the acreage in Arizona between 2010-2014. This article outlines an expirement on the use of Clothianidin seed treatments as a way to manage the Bagrada Bug pest. The results indicated that this treatment was effective.
May 2015

Impact of Bagrada Bug Infestations on Fall Cole Crops, 2010-2014

Publication (PDF, 260KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops since 2010. This report consists of information gathered through surveys over four years and shows what some of the trends are regarding the bagrada bug over that time period.
Apr 2015

Insect Management on Desert Melons: Whiteflies 2014

Publication (PDF, 458KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the sweetpotato whitefly (SWF) in great depth and their relation to Desert Melons. It includes it's history of development and damages it has caused. The article also describes the management of SWF, including sampling/monitoring, natural/biological control, cultural practices, and insecticidal control.
Feb 2015

Foxglove Aphids on Desert Produce 2015

Publication (PDF, 1.07MB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

This article describes the Lettuce Aphid. It covers it's physical description, economic damage, insecticidal control, and methods for identifying this insect.
Dec 2014

Genetic Diversity and Fungicide Sensitivity of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora

Publication (PDF, 383KB)

Authors: Chitrampalam, P. and Olsen, Mary W.

Cotton root rot, caused by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora, is the most destructive disease of dicotyledonous plants in Arizona. There are no known reliable control methods for this disease, and the difficulty in its management is most often directed at its survival deep in soils and its wide host range. Genetic diversity in P. omnivora and its potential role in disease are unknown. Isolating the fungus and reproducing the disease in the greenhouse or laboratory are problematic, making it difficult to assess the efficacy of potential treatments.
Sep 2014

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2014

Publication (PDF, 390KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Aug 2014

Methods of Measuring for Irrigation Scheduling - When

Publication (PDF, 1.3MB)

Authors: Martin, Edward C.

Proper irrigation management requires that growers assess their irrigation needs by taking measurements of various physical parameters. Some use sophisticated equipment while others use tried and true common sense approaches. Whichever method used, each has merits and limitations. In developing any irrigation management strategy, two questions are common: “When do I irrigate?” and “How much do I apply?” This bulletin deals with the WHEN.
Aug 2014

Water Use in Vegetables—Cauliflower

Publication (PDF, 443KB)

Authors: Edward C. Martin, Donald C. Slack, E. James Pegelow

Arizona grows approximately 10% of the nation’s cauliflower. Most of the cauliflower grown in Arizona is grown in Yuma County. As with most crops grown in Arizona, irrigation plays an important role in determining crop yield and quality. This is especially true for vegetable crops such as cauliflower where water stress can translate to poor yields (tonnage) or poor quality (firmness, head size, color).
Jun 2014

Impact of Bagrada Bug Infestations on Desert Cole Crops, 2010-2013

Publication (PDF, 224KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops since 2010. This report consists of information gathered through surveys over five years and shows what some of the trends are regarding the bagrada bug over that time period.
Feb 2014

Aphid Management in Desert Leafy Vegetables and Cole Crops 2014

Publication (PDF, 134KB)

Authors: John .C. Palumbo

A chart detailing various insecticides and the efficacy against different species of Aphids. Each insecticide is rated at Good, Fair, and Poor, and is shown for each listed Aphid species. There is also a brief note for each of the insecticides.
Feb 2014

Diagnosing Nutrient Deficiencies Quick-Reference

Publication (PDF, 429KB)

Authors: Shawna Loper

Nutrient deficiencies can be identified in field through visual observations. However, additional analysis, either plant or soil testing is often necessary to confirm nutrient stress. The following is a quick-reference flow chart that can be used in field to identify potential nutrient deficiencies. Each nutrient has unique deficiency symptoms. Deficiencies will appear in many ways. It can be confused with other plant problems like pathogens or spray damage. But nutrient deficiencies can often be recognized because they tend to form symmetrical patterns, where both sides of leaf or plant parts show the same pattern.
Sep 2013

Whitefly Management in Leafy Vegetables, Cole Crops and Melons- Fall 2013

Publication (PDF, 139KB)

Authors: J.C. Palumbo

A chart detailing various insecticides and the efficacy against Whiteflies for fall produce. Each insecticide is rated at Good, Fair, and Poor, and is shown for both the Adult and Nymph stage. There is also a brief note for each of the insecticides.
Aug 2013

Bagrada Bug Management Tips - 2013

Publication (PDF, 364KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Contains information on how to manage the Bagrada bug. Includes: where they tend to hide, how to scout them out, what their feeding signs look like, and tips regarding chemical control.
Jul 2013

Measuring Water Applications

Publication (PDF, 144KB)

Authors: Ayman Mostafa

One of the challenges in using surface irrigation systems is determining the effective amount of water applied to a field. To get a good estimate, you must first calculate the gross amount of water applied and then, taking into system efficiencies, determine the amount of effective water applied (what the plants actually receive).
Feb 2013

Aphid Management in Desert Leafy Vegetables and Cole Crops 2013

Publication (PDF, 133KB)

Authors: John .C. Palumbo

A chart detailing various insecticides and the efficacy against different species of Aphids. Each insecticide is rated at Good, Fair, and Poor, and is shown for each listed Aphid species. There is also a brief note for each of the insecticides.
Feb 2012

Aphid Management in Desert Leafy Vegetables and Cole Crops 2012

Publication (PDF, 167KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

A chart detailing various insecticides and the efficacy against different species of Aphids. Each insecticide is rated at Good, Fair, and Poor, and is shown for each listed Aphid species. There is also a brief note for each of the insecticides.
Jan 2012

Insect Management on Desert Produce Crops: Aphids 2012

Publication (PDF, 582KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

Aphids are major pests to desert produce due to the damage they cause. This article describes their development, Economic Damage, and suggestions for their management. The Green Peach Aphid, Potato Aphid, Foxglove Aphid, Lettuce Aphid, Cabbage Aphid, and Turnip Aphid are discussed.
Dec 2011

Measuring Water Flow in Surface Irrigation Ditches and Gated Pipe

Publication (PDF, 1.28MB)

Authors: Edward C. Martin

Measuring water in surface irrigation systems is critical for peak efficiency management. Irrigation management decisions should be made based on the amount of water applied and how this relates to the consumptive use demands of the plants and the soil water holding capacity.
Dec 2011

Determining the Amount of Irrigation Water Applied to a Field

Publication (PDF, 535KB)

Authors: Edward C. Martin

Critical to any irrigation management approach is an accurate estimate of the amount of water applied to a field. Estimating the amount of water applied to a field or to a set is fairly easy for surface systems.
May 2011

Impact of the Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops: A Survey of PCA/Growers in 2010 and 2011

Publication (PDF, 189KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The Bagrada bug became a major pest of cole crops in 2010. This report contains two years worth of surveys from PCA/growers and illustrates a few of the differences present between 2010 and 2011.
Feb 2010

Aphid Management in Desert Leafy Vegetables and Cole Crops 2010

Publication (PDF, 622KB)

Authors: John .C. Palumbo

A chart detailing various insecticides and the efficacy against different species of Aphids. Each insecticide is rated at Good, Fair, and Poor, and is shown for each listed Aphid species. There is also a brief note for each of the insecticides.
Jan 2010

The Bagrada bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops in Arizona

Publication (PDF, 196KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo

The bagrada bug is a invasive species that resemble harlequin bugs. This paper shows signs to look for and shows some of the types of damage they cause. It also postulates that it's wide spreading, that it would establish itself as a permanent pest.
May 2003

Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Arizona

Publication (PDF, 175KB)

Authors: John C. Palumbo, Peter C. Ellsworth, Timothy J. Dennehy, Robert L. Nichols

This document outlines some of the guidlines for Neonicotinoids, which were relatively new at the time. The plans within the document aim to help keep Neonicotinoids as a cost efficient and effective form of whitefly management for the future.
May 1991

Nitrogen Management Guide for Broccoli

Publication (PDF, 320KB)

Authors: Thomas A. Doerge, Robert L. Roth, Bryant R. Gardner

The level of nitrogen fertility has more influence on the growth and yield of Broccoli than any other single plant nutrient because it is the nutrient most often deficient in Arizona soils.

Cole Crop Presentations

Mar 2010

The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops

Presentation (PDF, 1.78MB)

Authors: John Palumbo

Location Presented: Yuma Ag Center
Jun 2008

Vegetable Weed Control in the Desert

Presentation (PDF, 5.58MB)

Authors: Barry Tickes

Location Presented: Yuma Agricultural Center
Dec 2003

Cyst Nematode on Cole Crops

Presentation (PDF, 2.16MB)

Authors: Westerdahl, R.

Location Presented: 14th Annual Desert Crops Workshop, Holtville, California.

ARIZONA PEST MANAGEMENT CENTER