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  1. Agricultural IPM
  2. Vegetables
  3. VIPM Archive
  4. VIPM Weeds View
Weeds
May 17, 2023
Summer Annual Grasses
We have a large amount of summer grasses emerging right now in the desert. Identification is very important. Knowing the field history is helpful to plan your preemergence herbicide applications.
There is a tendency to group summer grasses together and called them all watergrass, or barnyard grass especially because they are so difficult to identify at early growth stages. 
Some of these grasses respond differently to herbicides. For example, sprangletop is only controlled by the high rates of Select (clethodim) and clethodim generics and missed by other postemergence herbicides such as Post (sethoxydim) and Fusilade (fluazifop).
Others like Field Sandbur (Cenchrus pauciflorus) and Sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus) are tolerant to these herbicides which don’t achieve acceptable control.
From the more than 25 annual grass species found in our area during the summer I listed in 13 commonly found below that are in the Section VI of the PCA study guide.
Also, the following is a link Summer Annual Grass Identification to a publication by Barry Tickes with images and description of the 6 genera and 12 species of summer annual grasses that are common here.
 
Summer Annual Grasses

Barnyardgrass

Echinochloa crus-galli

Red sprangletop

Leptochloa filormus

Prairie Cupgrass

Eriochloa contracta

Field sandbur

Cenchrus spinifex

Yellow foxtail

Setaria glauca

Feather fingergrass

Chloris virgata

Crowfootgrass

Dactyloctenium aegyptium

Junglerice (Watergrass)

Echinochloa colona

Mexican sprangletop

Leptochloa fusca

Southwestern Cupgrass

Eriochloa acuminata

Southern sandbur

Cenchrus echinatus

Green foxtail

Setaria viridis

Sixweeks grama

Bouteloua barbata

 

 


 

VIPM_5-17-2023_10
Figure 1. Left southern sandbur and right field sandbur

To contact Marco Pena go to: marcop@ag.arizona.edu
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ARIZONA PEST MANAGEMENT CENTER
University of Arizona
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Maricopa Agricultural Center

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